feat(stdlib): add path package (gnolang#1065)

simply add `path` package to stdlib, needed by `net/url` package (and
probably some other packages)


<details><summary>Contributors' checklist...</summary>

- [X] Added new tests, or not needed, or not feasible
- [ ] Provided an example (e.g. screenshot) to aid review or the PR is
self-explanatory
- [ ] Updated the official documentation or not needed
- [X] No breaking changes were made, or a `BREAKING CHANGE: xxx` message
was included in the description
- [ ] Added references to related issues and PRs
- [ ] Provided any useful hints for running manual tests
- [ ] Added new benchmarks to [generated
graphs](https://gnoland.github.io/benchmarks), if any. More info
[here](https://github.com/gnolang/gno/blob/master/.benchmarks/README.md).
</details>

Signed-off-by: gfanton <8671905+gfanton@users.noreply.github.com>

gnovm/docs/go-gno-compatibility.md

@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ Additional native types:
 | log/slog/internal                           | TBD      |
 | log/syslog                                  | TBD      |
 | maps                                        | TBD      |
-| math                                        | partial      |
+| math                                        | partial  |
 | math/big                                    | TBD      |
 | math/bits                                   | TBD      |
 | math/cmplx                                  | TBD      |
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@ Additional native types:
 | os/exec                                     | TBD      |
 | os/signal                                   | TBD      |
 | os/user                                     | TBD      |
-| path                                        | TBD      |
+| path                                        | full     |
 | path/filepath                               | TBD      |
 | plugin                                      | TBD      |
 | reflect                                     | TBD      |

gnovm/stdlibs/path/match.gno

@@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
+// Copyright 2010 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package path
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"unicode/utf8"
+
+	"internal/bytealg"
+)
+
+// ErrBadPattern indicates a pattern was malformed.
+var ErrBadPattern = errors.New("syntax error in pattern")
+
+// Match reports whether name matches the shell pattern.
+// The pattern syntax is:
+//
+//	pattern:
+//		{ term }
+//	term:
+//		'*'         matches any sequence of non-/ characters
+//		'?'         matches any single non-/ character
+//		'[' [ '^' ] { character-range } ']'
+//		            character class (must be non-empty)
+//		c           matches character c (c != '*', '?', '\\', '[')
+//		'\\' c      matches character c
+//
+//	character-range:
+//		c           matches character c (c != '\\', '-', ']')
+//		'\\' c      matches character c
+//		lo '-' hi   matches character c for lo <= c <= hi
+//
+// Match requires pattern to match all of name, not just a substring.
+// The only possible returned error is ErrBadPattern, when pattern
+// is malformed.
+func Match(pattern, name string) (matched bool, err error) {
+Pattern:
+	for len(pattern) > 0 {
+		var star bool
+		var chunk string
+		star, chunk, pattern = scanChunk(pattern)
+		if star && chunk == "" {
+			// Trailing * matches rest of string unless it has a /.
+			return bytealg.IndexByteString(name, '/') < 0, nil
+		}
+		// Look for match at current position.
+		t, ok, err := matchChunk(chunk, name)
+		// if we're the last chunk, make sure we've exhausted the name
+		// otherwise we'll give a false result even if we could still match
+		// using the star
+		if ok && (len(t) == 0 || len(pattern) > 0) {
+			name = t
+			continue
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return false, err
+		}
+		if star {
+			// Look for match skipping i+1 bytes.
+			// Cannot skip /.
+			for i := 0; i < len(name) && name[i] != '/'; i++ {
+				t, ok, err := matchChunk(chunk, name[i+1:])
+				if ok {
+					// if we're the last chunk, make sure we exhausted the name
+					if len(pattern) == 0 && len(t) > 0 {
+						continue
+					}
+					name = t
+					continue Pattern
+				}
+				if err != nil {
+					return false, err
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		// Before returning false with no error,
+		// check that the remainder of the pattern is syntactically valid.
+		for len(pattern) > 0 {
+			_, chunk, pattern = scanChunk(pattern)
+			if _, _, err := matchChunk(chunk, ""); err != nil {
+				return false, err
+			}
+		}
+		return false, nil
+	}
+	return len(name) == 0, nil
+}
+
+// scanChunk gets the next segment of pattern, which is a non-star string
+// possibly preceded by a star.
+func scanChunk(pattern string) (star bool, chunk, rest string) {
+	for len(pattern) > 0 && pattern[0] == '*' {
+		pattern = pattern[1:]
+		star = true
+	}
+	inrange := false
+	var i int
+Scan:
+	for i = 0; i < len(pattern); i++ {
+		switch pattern[i] {
+		case '\\':
+			// error check handled in matchChunk: bad pattern.
+			if i+1 < len(pattern) {
+				i++
+			}
+		case '[':
+			inrange = true
+		case ']':
+			inrange = false
+		case '*':
+			if !inrange {
+				break Scan
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return star, pattern[0:i], pattern[i:]
+}
+
+// matchChunk checks whether chunk matches the beginning of s.
+// If so, it returns the remainder of s (after the match).
+// Chunk is all single-character operators: literals, char classes, and ?.
+func matchChunk(chunk, s string) (rest string, ok bool, err error) {
+	// failed records whether the match has failed.
+	// After the match fails, the loop continues on processing chunk,
+	// checking that the pattern is well-formed but no longer reading s.
+	failed := false
+	for len(chunk) > 0 {
+		if !failed && len(s) == 0 {
+			failed = true
+		}
+		switch chunk[0] {
+		case '[':
+			// character class
+			var r rune
+			if !failed {
+				var n int
+				r, n = utf8.DecodeRuneInString(s)
+				s = s[n:]
+			}
+			chunk = chunk[1:]
+			// possibly negated
+			negated := false
+			if len(chunk) > 0 && chunk[0] == '^' {
+				negated = true
+				chunk = chunk[1:]
+			}
+			// parse all ranges
+			match := false
+			nrange := 0
+			for {
+				if len(chunk) > 0 && chunk[0] == ']' && nrange > 0 {
+					chunk = chunk[1:]
+					break
+				}
+				var lo, hi rune
+				if lo, chunk, err = getEsc(chunk); err != nil {
+					return "", false, err
+				}
+				hi = lo
+				if chunk[0] == '-' {
+					if hi, chunk, err = getEsc(chunk[1:]); err != nil {
+						return "", false, err
+					}
+				}
+				if lo <= r && r <= hi {
+					match = true
+				}
+				nrange++
+			}
+			if match == negated {
+				failed = true
+			}
+
+		case '?':
+			if !failed {
+				if s[0] == '/' {
+					failed = true
+				}
+				_, n := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(s)
+				s = s[n:]
+			}
+			chunk = chunk[1:]
+
+		case '\\':
+			chunk = chunk[1:]
+			if len(chunk) == 0 {
+				return "", false, ErrBadPattern
+			}
+			fallthrough
+
+		default:
+			if !failed {
+				if chunk[0] != s[0] {
+					failed = true
+				}
+				s = s[1:]
+			}
+			chunk = chunk[1:]
+		}
+	}
+	if failed {
+		return "", false, nil
+	}
+	return s, true, nil
+}
+
+// getEsc gets a possibly-escaped character from chunk, for a character class.
+func getEsc(chunk string) (r rune, nchunk string, err error) {
+	if len(chunk) == 0 || chunk[0] == '-' || chunk[0] == ']' {
+		err = ErrBadPattern
+		return
+	}
+	if chunk[0] == '\\' {
+		chunk = chunk[1:]
+		if len(chunk) == 0 {
+			err = ErrBadPattern
+			return
+		}
+	}
+	r, n := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(chunk)
+	if r == utf8.RuneError && n == 1 {
+		err = ErrBadPattern
+	}
+	nchunk = chunk[n:]
+	if len(nchunk) == 0 {
+		err = ErrBadPattern
+	}
+	return
+}

gnovm/stdlibs/path/match_test.gno

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package path
+
+import "testing"
+
+type MatchTest struct {
+	pattern, s string
+	match      bool
+	err        error
+}
+
+var matchTests = []MatchTest{
+	{"abc", "abc", true, nil},
+	{"*", "abc", true, nil},
+	{"*c", "abc", true, nil},
+	{"a*", "a", true, nil},
+	{"a*", "abc", true, nil},
+	{"a*", "ab/c", false, nil},
+	{"a*/b", "abc/b", true, nil},
+	{"a*/b", "a/c/b", false, nil},
+	{"a*b*c*d*e*/f", "axbxcxdxe/f", true, nil},
+	{"a*b*c*d*e*/f", "axbxcxdxexxx/f", true, nil},
+	{"a*b*c*d*e*/f", "axbxcxdxe/xxx/f", false, nil},
+	{"a*b*c*d*e*/f", "axbxcxdxexxx/fff", false, nil},
+	{"a*b?c*x", "abxbbxdbxebxczzx", true, nil},
+	{"a*b?c*x", "abxbbxdbxebxczzy", false, nil},
+	{"ab[c]", "abc", true, nil},
+	{"ab[b-d]", "abc", true, nil},
+	{"ab[e-g]", "abc", false, nil},
+	{"ab[^c]", "abc", false, nil},
+	{"ab[^b-d]", "abc", false, nil},
+	{"ab[^e-g]", "abc", true, nil},
+	{"a\\*b", "a*b", true, nil},
+	{"a\\*b", "ab", false, nil},
+	{"a?b", "a☺b", true, nil},
+	{"a[^a]b", "a☺b", true, nil},
+	{"a???b", "a☺b", false, nil},
+	{"a[^a][^a][^a]b", "a☺b", false, nil},
+	{"[a-ζ]*", "α", true, nil},
+	{"*[a-ζ]", "A", false, nil},
+	{"a?b", "a/b", false, nil},
+	{"a*b", "a/b", false, nil},
+	{"[\\]a]", "]", true, nil},
+	{"[\\-]", "-", true, nil},
+	{"[x\\-]", "x", true, nil},
+	{"[x\\-]", "-", true, nil},
+	{"[x\\-]", "z", false, nil},
+	{"[\\-x]", "x", true, nil},
+	{"[\\-x]", "-", true, nil},
+	{"[\\-x]", "a", false, nil},
+	{"[]a]", "]", false, ErrBadPattern},
+	{"[-]", "-", false, ErrBadPattern},
+	{"[x-]", "x", false, ErrBadPattern},
+	{"[x-]", "-", false, ErrBadPattern},
+	{"[x-]", "z", false, ErrBadPattern},
+	{"[-x]", "x", false, ErrBadPattern},
+	{"[-x]", "-", false, ErrBadPattern},
+	{"[-x]", "a", false, ErrBadPattern},
+	{"\\", "a", false, ErrBadPattern},
+	{"[a-b-c]", "a", false, ErrBadPattern},
+	{"[", "a", false, ErrBadPattern},
+	{"[^", "a", false, ErrBadPattern},
+	{"[^bc", "a", false, ErrBadPattern},
+	{"a[", "a", false, ErrBadPattern},
+	{"a[", "ab", false, ErrBadPattern},
+	{"a[", "x", false, ErrBadPattern},
+	{"a/b[", "x", false, ErrBadPattern},
+	{"*x", "xxx", true, nil},
+}
+
+func TestMatch(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tt := range matchTests {
+		ok, err := Match(tt.pattern, tt.s)
+		if ok != tt.match || err != tt.err {
+			t.Errorf("Match(%#q, %#q) = %v, %v want %v, %v", tt.pattern, tt.s, ok, err, tt.match, tt.err)
+		}
+	}
+}