🚚 transfer the ECC framework code from MQT Core

[burgholzer]

Description

This PR moves the ECC (framework) related code from MQT Core to this repository.
It is hard to maintain in MQT Core and feels like an alien there.
Much better suited in this library.

A corresponding PR in MQT Core will remove the respective functionality there.

Checklist:

• The pull request only contains commits that are related to it.
• I have added appropriate tests and documentation.
• I have made sure that all CI jobs on GitHub pass.
• The pull request introduces no new warnings and follows the project's style guidelines.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 87.68606% with 91 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 83.3%. Comparing base (ae9e1de) to head (b732433).
Report is 132 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/ecc/Q7Steane.cpp	80.0%	28 Missing ⚠️
src/ecc/Q3Shor.cpp	83.1%	15 Missing ⚠️
src/ecc/Q9Shor.cpp	90.6%	12 Missing ⚠️
src/ecc/Q18Surface.cpp	89.0%	10 Missing ⚠️
src/ecc/Q9Surface.cpp	91.0%	10 Missing ⚠️
src/ecc/Q5Laflamme.cpp	90.8%	9 Missing ⚠️
include/ecc/Ecc.hpp	92.5%	2 Missing ⚠️
src/ecc/Ecc.cpp	91.3%	2 Missing ⚠️
include/ecc/Q3Shor.hpp	66.6%	1 Missing ⚠️
include/ecc/Q5Laflamme.hpp	75.0%	1 Missing ⚠️
... and 1 more

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##            main    #256     +/-   ##
=======================================
+ Coverage   82.2%   83.3%   +1.0%     
=======================================
  Files         29      44     +15     
  Lines       3138    3877    +739     
  Branches     180     362    +182     
=======================================
+ Hits        2581    3231    +650     
- Misses       557     646     +89     

Flag	Coverage Δ
cpp	82.7% <87.6%> (+4.4%)	⬆️
python	83.7% <ø> (ø)

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
include/ecc/Id.hpp	100.0% <100.0%> (ø)
include/ecc/Q18Surface.hpp	100.0% <100.0%> (ø)
include/ecc/Q7Steane.hpp	100.0% <100.0%> (ø)
include/ecc/Q9Surface.hpp	100.0% <100.0%> (ø)
include/ecc/Q3Shor.hpp	66.6% <66.6%> (ø)
include/ecc/Q5Laflamme.hpp	75.0% <75.0%> (ø)
include/ecc/Q9Shor.hpp	75.0% <75.0%> (ø)
include/ecc/Ecc.hpp	92.5% <92.5%> (ø)
src/ecc/Ecc.cpp	91.3% <91.3%> (ø)
src/ecc/Q5Laflamme.cpp	90.8% <90.8%> (ø)
... and 5 more

... and 1 file with indirect coverage changes