Sparse table class and tests added

[sHiVaNgI821]

Added a class for a sparse table, that can be used to answer range queries on a given array efficiently. It requires a precomputation that takes O(nlogn) time and space. It is added to the miscellaneous_data_structures directory.

References to other Issues or PRs or Relevant literature

Brief description of what is fixed or changed

Other comments

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #388 (0ebbf28) into master (0f23c98) will decrease coverage by 0.013%.
The diff coverage is 97.368%.

@@              Coverage Diff              @@
##            master      #388       +/-   ##
=============================================
- Coverage   98.574%   98.560%   -0.014%     
=============================================
  Files           25        26        +1     
  Lines         3297      3335       +38     
=============================================
+ Hits          3250      3287       +37     
- Misses          47        48        +1     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
...ucts/miscellaneous_data_structures/sparse_table.py	97.222% <97.222%> (ø)
...astructs/miscellaneous_data_structures/__init__.py	100.000% <100.000%> (ø)

[Smit-create]

Also, please link the issues that are all related to sparse table so that we can have a track of them. Basic structure and API looks fine to me.

[Smit-create]

Can be removed?

[sHiVaNgI821]

Yes, sorry forgot to remove it

[czgdp1807]

Closing in favour of #414