Added Sparse table data structure for RMQ

[pratikgl]

[WIP] I have added sparse table for solving Range Minimum Query

References to other Issues or PRs or Relevant literature

I am trying to replicate this idea which I had implemented a while ago in C++.
https://github.com/pratikgl/Data-Structures-and-Algorithms/blob/master/RMQ/sparse_table.cpp

The sparse table implementation for RMQ will take O(n*log(n))) time for preprocessing and O(1) time for each query

More details could be find here:

1. https://cp-algorithms.com/data_structures/sparse-table.html

Brief description of what is fixed or changed

Other comments

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #414 (2c4510d) into master (c726bf2) will decrease coverage by 0.038%.
The diff coverage is 97.391%.

@@              Coverage Diff              @@
##            master      #414       +/-   ##
=============================================
- Coverage   98.611%   98.573%   -0.039%     
=============================================
  Files           27        29        +2     
  Lines         3530      3645      +115     
=============================================
+ Hits          3481      3593      +112     
- Misses          49        52        +3     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
pydatastructs/utils/__init__.py	100.000% <ø> (ø)
...tructs/miscellaneous_data_structures/algorithms.py	95.833% <95.833%> (ø)
...ucts/miscellaneous_data_structures/sparse_table.py	97.142% <97.142%> (ø)
...astructs/miscellaneous_data_structures/__init__.py	100.000% <100.000%> (ø)
pydatastructs/utils/misc_util.py	99.043% <100.000%> (+0.148%)	⬆️

[czgdp1807]

Suggested change

	def __rangequery__(self, L, R, comp=_comp):
	def query(self, left, right, comp=_comp):

[czgdp1807]

There is a scope of flexibility here. One may find gcd as well by replacing comp with gcd. See, https://gist.github.com/yDeepak1889/dee5cce7fff3354c50ff07a43a5be981
I am not sure about this. We will discuss more in the meeting.

[czgdp1807]

The PR syntactically is correct. There are some memory issues with implementation. We can fix that though. RangeMinimumQuery is good. Just add a class for array data structure as well.

[czgdp1807]

Thanks @pratikgl