fix(WebSocketShard): send ratelimit handling

[didinele]

Please describe the changes this PR makes and why it should be merged:
Closes #8558

Refer to #8558 (comment) for an explanation of the actual underlying problem.

Also related: #8399, #8405, #8479, #8731

All in all, this PR:

1. fixes a bad condition with the ratelimit resetAt check
2. accounts for some edge cases related to a connection being destroyed while a payload is being sent out
3. adds some more debug logs that were much needed for fixing this issue
4. adds a new close event that's needed for some of the new internal behavior - making this as semver minor PR

Status and versioning classification:

• Code changes have been tested against the Discord API, or there are no code changes
• I know how to update typings and have done so, or typings don't need updating
• This PR changes the library's interface (methods or parameters added)

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2 Ignored Deployments

Name	Status	Preview	Updated
discord-js	⬜️ Ignored (Inspect)		Dec 1, 2022 at 10:54AM (UTC)
discord-js-guide	⬜️ Ignored (Inspect)		Dec 1, 2022 at 10:54AM (UTC)

[SpaceEEC]

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