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**What this PR does / why we need it**:

**Which issue(s) this PR fixes**:
Fixes #<issue number>

**Special notes for your reviewer**:

**Checklist**
- [ ] Reviewed the
[`CONTRIBUTING.md`](https://github.com/grafana/loki/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md)
guide (**required**)
- [ ] Documentation added
- [ ] Tests updated
- [ ] `CHANGELOG.md` updated
- [ ] Changes that require user attention or interaction to upgrade are
documented in `docs/sources/upgrading/_index.md`
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MattiasSegerdahl authored May 3, 2023
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---
# Fluentd

Grafana Loki has a [Fluentd](https://www.fluentd.org/) output plugin called
The [Fluentd output plugin](https://www.fluentd.org/) for Grafana Loki is called
`fluent-plugin-grafana-loki` that enables shipping logs to a private Loki
instance or [Grafana Cloud](/products/cloud/).

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This image also uses `LOKI_URL`, `LOKI_USERNAME`, and `LOKI_PASSWORD` environment variables to specify the Loki's endpoint, user, and password (you can leave the USERNAME and PASSWORD blank if they're not used).

This image will start an instance of Fluentd to forward incoming logs to the specified Loki URL. As an alternate, containerized applications can also use [docker driver plugin]({{<relref "../docker-driver/">}}) to ship logs without needing Fluentd.
This image starts an instance of Fluentd that forwards incoming logs to the specified Loki URL. As an alternate, containerized applications can also use [docker driver plugin]({{<relref "../docker-driver/">}}) to ship logs without needing Fluentd.

### Example

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**Note**: use either `<label>...</label>` or `extra_labels` to set at least one label.

In your Fluentd configuration, use `@type loki`. Additional configuration is optional. Default values would look like this:
In your Fluentd configuration, add `@type loki`. Additional configuration is optional. Default values would look like this:

```conf
<match **>
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### Extracting Kubernetes labels

As Kubernetes labels are a list of nested key-value pairs there is a separate option to extract them.
Since Kubernetes labels are a list of nested key-value pairs, a separate option is available to extract them.
Note that special characters like "`. - /`" will be overwritten with `_`.
Use with the `remove_keys kubernetes` option to eliminate metadata from the log.

Expand All @@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ Use with the `remove_keys kubernetes` option to eliminate metadata from the log.

### Multi-worker usage

Out-of-order inserts are enabled by default in Loki; refer to [accept out-of-order writes]({{<relref "../../configuration/#accept-out-of-order-writes">}}).
Loki enables out-of-order inserts by default; refer to [accept out-of-order writes]({{<relref "../../configuration/#accept-out-of-order-writes">}}).
If out-of-order inserts are _disabled_, attempting to insert a log entry with an earlier timestamp after a log entry with identical labels but a later timestamp, the insert will fail with `HTTP status code: 500, message: rpc error: code = Unknown desc = Entry out of order`. Therefore, in order to use this plugin in a multi worker Fluentd setup, you'll need to include the worker ID in the labels or otherwise [ensure log streams are always sent to the same worker](https://docs.fluentd.org/deployment/multi-process-workers#less-than-worker-n-greater-than-directive).

For example, using [fluent-plugin-record-modifier](https://github.com/repeatedly/fluent-plugin-record-modifier):
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### `username` / `password`

Specify a username and password if the Loki server requires authentication.
If the Loki server requires authentication, specify a username and password.
If using the GrafanaLab's hosted Loki, the username needs to be set to your instanceId and the password should be a Grafana.com api key.

### tenant

Loki is a multi-tenant log storage platform and all requests sent must include a tenant. For some installations the tenant will be set automatically by an authenticating proxy. Otherwise you can define a tenant to be passed through.
All requests sent to Loki, a multi-tenant log storage platform, must include a tenant. For some installations the tenant will be set automatically by an authenticating proxy. Otherwise you can define a tenant to be passed through.
The tenant can be any string value.

The tenant field also supports placeholders, so it can dynamically change based on tag and record fields. Each placeholder must be added as a buffer chunk key. The following is an example of setting the tenant based on a k8s pod label:
The tenant field also supports placeholders, allowing it to dynamically change based on tag and record fields. Each placeholder must be added as a buffer chunk key. The following is an example of setting the tenant based on a k8s pod label:

```conf
<match **>
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### Client certificate verification

Specify a pair of client certificate and private key with `cert` and `key` if a reverse proxy with client certificate verification is configured in front of Loki. `ca_cert` can also be specified if the server uses custom certificate authority.
If a reverse proxy with client certificate verification is configured in front of Loki, specify a pair of client certificate and private key with `cert` and `key`. `ca_cert` can also be specified if the server uses custom certificate authority.

```conf
<match **>
Expand All @@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ Specify a pair of client certificate and private key with `cert` and `key` if a

### Server certificate verification

A flag to disable a server certificate verification. By default the `insecure_tls` is set to false.
A flag to disable server certificate verification. By default the `insecure_tls` is set to false.

```conf
<match **>
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Loki is intended to index and group log streams using only a small set of labels. It is not intended for full-text indexing. When sending logs to Loki the majority of log message will be sent as a single log "line".

There are few configurations settings to control the output format.
Several configuration settings are available to control the output format.

- extra_labels: (default: nil) set of labels to include with every Loki stream. eg `{"env":"dev", "datacenter": "dc1"}`
- remove_keys: (default: nil) comma separated list of needless record keys to remove. All other keys will be placed into the log line. You can use [record_accessor syntax](https://docs.fluentd.org/plugin-helper-overview/api-plugin-helper-record_accessor#syntax).
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