EffectFactory

DirectXTK	Effects

This is a helper object primarily used by the Model loader implementations to provide sharing of material instances of Effects and textures. This can be used standalone as well, and allows access to any existing ‘materials’ definitions already created.

It uses a simple case-sensitive string-based (wide-character) map for finding effect and texture instances that have already been created by the factory, which avoid duplication of texture and effect resources in complex models and scenes.

Header

#include <Effects.h>

Initialization

The EffectFactory, DGSLEffectFactory, and PBREffectFactory constructor require a Direct3D 11 device.

std::unique_ptr<EffectFactory> fxFactory;
fxFactory = std::make_unique<EffectFactory>( device );

-or-

std::unique_ptr<DGSLEffectFactory> fxFactory;
fxFactory = std::make_unique<DGSLEffectFactory>( device );

-or-

std::unique_ptr<PBREffectFactory> fxFactory;
fxFactory = std::make_unique<PBREffectFactory>( device );

For exception safety, it is recommended you make use of the C++ RAII pattern and use a std::unique_ptr or std::shared_ptr

Creating effects

Fill out the EffectInfo structure, then call CreateEffect to obtain an Effects instance. If the info.name string is provided then any already created effect from the factory that has the same name will be returned as a shared instance rather than a new instance created. If there is a name match, then all the other parameters in the EffectInfo are ignored.

Otherwise a new effect is created from the provided EffectInfo parameters, and CreateTexture is called automatically if the info.diffuseTexture, info.specularTexture, info.normalTexture , and/or info.emissiveTexture strings are provided. Remember that the use of a texture or info.perVertexColor will result in a varying the input layout requirements for the resulting Effect.

EffectFactory::EffectInfo info;
info.name = L"default";
info.alpha = 1.f;
info.ambientColor = XMFLOAT3( 0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f);
info.diffuseColor = XMFLOAT3( 0.8f, 0.8f, 0.8f );

auto effect = fxFactory->CreateEffect( info, deviceContext );

The standard factory will create instances of BasicEffect.

If info.enableSkinning is true, it returns a SkinnedEffect instance.
If info.enableDualTexture is true, it returns a DualTextureEffect instance.
If info.enableNormalMaps is true, then it returns a NormalMapEffect instance.
If info.enableSkinning and info.enableNormalMaps are true, then it returns a SkinnedNormalMapEffect instance.

These are kept in distinct 'sharing' lists since they have different input layout requirements.

NormalMapEffect or SkinnedNormalMapEffect are only created if the material defines a normal map texture, info.enableNormalMaps is set, and EnableNormalMapEffect is true (the default).

Creating DGSL Effects

The DGSLEffectFactory extends the standard EffectFactory with support for the Visual Studio Shader Designer (DGSL) system used by .CMO files. It creates instances of DGSLEffect or SkinnedDGSLEffect. It also supports sharing the pixel shader instances required for DGSL shaders through the CreatePixelShader method.

DGSLEffectFactory::DGSLEffectInfo info;
info.name = L"default";
info.alpha = 1.f;
info.ambientColor = XMFLOAT3( 0.2f, 0.2f, 0.2f);
info.diffuseColor = XMFLOAT3( 0.8f, 0.8f, 0.8f );
info.pixelShader = L"lambert.dgsl.cso";
auto effect = fxFactory->CreateDGSLEffect( info, deviceContext );

Because Visual Studio Shader Designer (DGSL) .DGSL.CSO files only support Feature Level 10.0+, the DGSLEffectFactory automatically uses a .CSO of the same name instead which is assumed to be a manually created fall-back shader compiled for Feature Level 9.x. This is the same technique as is used by the Visual Studio 3D Starter Kit.

You can use the DGSLEffectFactory with SDKMESH models as long as they include the required TANGENT Information in their vertex decls. These models do not define DGSL pixel shaders as part of their material definition, so these models will always use the default materials (Unlit, Lambert, or Phong).

The DGSLEffect built-in supports the three default materials for all feature levels without requiring any .CSO files: Unlit, Lambert, and Phong.

DGSLEffect instances with and without skinning are kept in distinct 'sharing' lists since they have different input layout requirements.

Creating PBR Effects

The PBREffectFactory replaces the standard EffectFactory. It creates instances of PBREffect, and is intended for use with the .SDKMESH version 2 file variant which defines PBR materials. If info.enableSkinning is true, it creates instances of SkinnedPBREffect.

EffectFactory::EffectInfo info;
info.name = L"default";
info.alpha = 1.f;

info.diffuseTexture = L"pbrmaterial_basecolor.png";
// Albedo (RGB) texture & alpha texture channels

info.normalTexture = L"pbrmaterial_normal.png";
// Tangent-space normal map texture

info.specularTexture = L"pbrmaterial_occlusionRoughnessMetallic.png";
// This specular slot is actually the
// Occlusion/Roughness/Metalness (ORM) texture for PBR models

auto effect = fxFactory->CreateEffect( info, deviceContext );

You can also optionally provide an emissive channel texture as info.emissiveTexture = L"pbrmaterial_emissive.png";

Note that the resulting effects still need to have Image-Based-Lighting textures assigned which is typically done as part of rendering.

Creating textures

CreateTexture assumes the name given is the filename of the texture to load. If the name string provided matches an already returned texture from the factory, then the existing shader resource view is returned rather than a new texture instance being created. If the name contains the extension .dds, then DDSTextureLoader is used to create the texture and return the shader resource view, otherwise it will attempt to use WICTextureLoader. The device context is not used by the DDSTextureLoader, only by the WICTextureLoader or can be null to skip auto-gen of mipmaps.

Microsoft::WRL::ComPtr<ID3D11ShaderResourceView> srv;
fxFactory->CreateTexture( L"stone.dds", nullptr, srv.GetAddressOf() );

Directories

The CreateTexture and CreatePixelShader methods both assume the name given is the filename. By default, this is a relative path to the current working directory (CWD). To cause the factory to look in a specific directory path, use SetDirectory.

fxFactory->SetDirectory( L".\\Assets" );

It will first look in the current working directory for the file, and then look in the specified path given in SetDirectory if set.

Interfaces

The EffectFactory, DGSLEffectFactory, and PBREffectFactory are concrete implementations of the IEffectFactory interface, and provide a default implementation and caching policy. This allows the developer to create their own custom version of the Effect Factory by deriving from IEffectFactory, which can be used with Model loaders. This could be used for alternative caching policies, locating textures in packed archives, substituting special Effects triggered material name, etc.

Sharing

You can control the sharing cache with two methods that are implemented for all the built-in effect factories.

This method sets the sharing mode which defaults to true. By setting it to false, CreateEffect, CreateTexture, and CreatePixelShader calls will always return a new instance rather than returning a cached instance.

fxFactory->SetSharing( false );

This method clears the sharing cache, which might not release all the instances if they are referenced by other objects.

fxFactory->ReleaseCache();

Effects options

These methods are specific to EffectFactory and are not part of the IEffectFactory interface.

EnableNormalMapEffect is used to determine if NormalMapEffect or SkinnedNormalMapEffect is used for models containing normal-map textures. This defaults to true (unless the device has a Direct3D 9.x Feature Level). If set to false, it will use BasicEffect or SkinnedEffect instead for these materials.
EnableForceSRGB is used to determine if textures have "force SRGB" set to true for the loaders or not. This defaults to false.

Threading model

Creation of resources is fully asynchronous, so you can create many effects and textures at the same time. CreateEffect and CreateTexture take an optional immediate device context for use when loading WIC-based textures to make use of auto-generated mipmaps. Since use of a device context is not ‘free threaded’, an internal lock is used to keep multiple instances of the WIC loader from being used at the same time, but the user must still take precautions to ensure other users of the immediate context or Present do not occur while loading WIC textures and setting up auto-gen mipmaps.