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Rewrite getpath.c in Python #89745

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zooba opened this issue Oct 22, 2021 · 30 comments
Closed

Rewrite getpath.c in Python #89745

zooba opened this issue Oct 22, 2021 · 30 comments
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3.11 only security fixes interpreter-core (Objects, Python, Grammar, and Parser dirs) type-feature A feature request or enhancement

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@zooba
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zooba commented Oct 22, 2021

BPO 45582
Nosy @ncoghlan, @tiran, @benjaminp, @ambv, @ericsnowcurrently, @zooba, @miss-islington, @neonene, @FFY00
PRs
  • bpo-45582: Port getpath[p].c to Python #29041
  • bpo-45582: Fix out-of-tree build issues with new getpath (GH-29902) #29902
  • bpo-45582: Add conditions to isdir/isfile/isxfile in getpath.c #29906
  • bpo-45582 Fix prototype of _Py_Get_Getpath_CodeObject. #29907
  • bpo-45582: Fix signature of _Py_Get_Getpath_CodeObject (GH-29921) #29921
  • bpo-45582: Fix getpath_isxfile() and test_embed on Windows #29930
  • bpo-45582: Change the folder location of PGO-instrumented builds on Windows #29941
  • bpo-45582: framework build: modPath must not be const (GH-29944) #29944
  • bpo-45582: Ensure PYTHONHOME still overrides detected build prefixes #29948
  • bpo-45582: Fix framework path and bootstrap build #29954
  • bpo-45582: Write empty pybuilddir.txt on Windows to allow relocatable build directories #29979
  • bpo-45582: Fix test_embed failure during a PGO build on Windows #30014
  • bpo-45582: Don't fail if ENV_PATH is None in getpath.py (GH-31699) #31699
  • Note: these values reflect the state of the issue at the time it was migrated and might not reflect the current state.

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    GitHub fields:

    assignee = 'https://github.com/zooba'
    closed_at = <Date 2021-12-03.00:10:47.332>
    created_at = <Date 2021-10-22.23:26:55.306>
    labels = ['interpreter-core', 'type-feature', '3.11']
    title = 'Rewrite getpath.c in Python'
    updated_at = <Date 2022-03-06.19:49:35.401>
    user = 'https://github.com/zooba'

    bugs.python.org fields:

    activity = <Date 2022-03-06.19:49:35.401>
    actor = 'christian.heimes'
    assignee = 'steve.dower'
    closed = True
    closed_date = <Date 2021-12-03.00:10:47.332>
    closer = 'steve.dower'
    components = ['Interpreter Core']
    creation = <Date 2021-10-22.23:26:55.306>
    creator = 'steve.dower'
    dependencies = []
    files = []
    hgrepos = []
    issue_num = 45582
    keywords = ['patch']
    message_count = 30.0
    messages = ['404841', '404843', '405348', '405640', '405641', '405653', '405658', '405731', '405742', '406183', '406184', '406384', '407113', '407322', '407326', '407561', '407562', '407565', '407587', '407604', '407609', '407616', '407720', '407846', '407852', '407881', '407960', '407994', '408226', '414622']
    nosy_count = 9.0
    nosy_names = ['ncoghlan', 'christian.heimes', 'benjamin.peterson', 'lukasz.langa', 'eric.snow', 'steve.dower', 'miss-islington', 'neonene', 'FFY00']
    pr_nums = ['29041', '29902', '29906', '29907', '29921', '29930', '29941', '29944', '29948', '29954', '29979', '30014', '31699']
    priority = 'normal'
    resolution = 'fixed'
    stage = 'resolved'
    status = 'closed'
    superseder = None
    type = 'enhancement'
    url = 'https://bugs.python.org/issue45582'
    versions = ['Python 3.11']

    Linked PRs

    @zooba
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    zooba commented Oct 22, 2021

    As discussed in bpo-42260, combining the two getpath implementations into a single Python implementation would make it more maintainable and modifiable (particularly where distros need to patch to support alternative layouts).

    @zooba zooba added the 3.11 only security fixes label Oct 22, 2021
    @zooba zooba self-assigned this Oct 22, 2021
    @zooba zooba added interpreter-core (Objects, Python, Grammar, and Parser dirs) type-feature A feature request or enhancement 3.11 only security fixes labels Oct 22, 2021
    @zooba zooba self-assigned this Oct 22, 2021
    @zooba zooba added interpreter-core (Objects, Python, Grammar, and Parser dirs) type-feature A feature request or enhancement labels Oct 22, 2021
    @zooba
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    zooba commented Oct 22, 2021

    The PR has more work to do, but the overall layout/changes are more or less there, so happy to discuss feedback/etc.

    Obviously there are a lot of edge cases here, but they seem to be mostly tested already. And I think we're early enough in alpha to find any major issues (or absorb any necessary minor changes - seems like trailing slashes might change on some paths).

    There are also some changes/hacks into the new frozen module support, so that I can freeze getpath.py without turning it into a module. I really just want to execute the bytecode - no reason for any of its contents to stick around - and this works out pretty neatly. But if the changes to frozen modules seem off then maybe we can split it into totally separate freezing support?

    @zooba
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    zooba commented Oct 29, 2021

    So I think I've found my first completely unavoidable API break: PyConfig_Read(config) has to work before initialisation, but is also supposed to fill out all the fields (including the search path). But because we need at least an interpreter state, we now can't calculate everything.

    The only test that seems to be affected here is test_embed.test_init_read_set(), which does a PyConfig_Read() and then inserts new paths into module_search_paths before initialising. With that one skipped, I think everything else can be handled.

    @zooba
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    zooba commented Nov 3, 2021

    Last remaining test failure is one that I can't figure out on my own - the freeze test is rerunning a CPython build (on Linux) and is apparently building getpath.c with the ".c.o" rule rather than the "Modules/getpath.o" rule.

    Any tips as to what I should be looking at to figure this one out?

    @ericsnowcurrently
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    On Wed, Nov 3, 2021 at 1:21 PM Steve Dower <report@bugs.python.org> wrote:

    Last remaining test failure is one that I can't figure out on my own - the freeze test is rerunning a CPython build (on Linux) and is apparently building getpath.c with the ".c.o" rule rather than the "Modules/getpath.o" rule.

    Any tips as to what I should be looking at to figure this one out?

    That test does an out-of-tree build. Might that be related?

    @zooba
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    zooba commented Nov 3, 2021

    I'm betting the out-of-tree (actually just deeper within the same tree) bit is related, but I just can't see how. Modules/getbuildinfo.c takes extra parameters and they seem to be being used, so I can't tell why getpath.c's are not (those rules are listed right next to each other, but well above the .c.o rule).

    @zooba
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    zooba commented Nov 4, 2021

    Unsurprisingly, it was a bad edit that I made to the Makefile myself. The commit that undoes it is aedebcc but since I made the initial change as part of this PR, it was never merged in.

    Now to find out why the old getpath could somehow locate the stdlib but new getpath cannot... (I'm guessing it is finding the "original" stdlib rather than the fresh clone, since AFAICT there's no reference at all to the original source dir)

    @ericsnowcurrently
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    On Wed, Nov 3, 2021 at 6:25 PM Steve Dower <report@bugs.python.org> wrote:

    Now to find out why the old getpath could somehow locate the stdlib but new getpath cannot... (I'm guessing it is finding the "original" stdlib rather than the fresh clone, since AFAICT there's no reference at all to the original source dir)

    What fresh clone do you mean? test_embed is failing, not test_freeze.
    So there is no out-of-tree build involved.

    @zooba
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    zooba commented Nov 4, 2021

    What fresh clone do you mean? test_embed is failing, not test_freeze.

    test_freeze is passing, but it shouldn't be able to locate a valid Lib/ directory to load modules from. So it's somehow managing to do it against the "official" logic (none of the searches are going to find root/python-build/Lib starting from root/python-installation/python).

    I haven't dug into it yet, but I suspect if the root used for this test is moved outside of the main tree then it will fail again.

    @zooba
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    zooba commented Nov 12, 2021

    I'm expecting another dumb error (on my part) or two in the PR, but I'm very close to having this working.

    Reviews would be appreciated! Bear in mind that I'm trying to match the current (quirky) behaviour, rather than streamline anything by changing it (yet). We can do those once we know we've got something working.

    @ericsnowcurrently
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    On Thu, Nov 11, 2021 at 6:27 PM Steve Dower <report@bugs.python.org> wrote:

    rather than streamline anything by changing it (yet). We can do those once we know we've got something working.

    +1

    @zooba
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    zooba commented Nov 16, 2021

    I have tests passing now, so reviews would be appreciated.

    There's definitely scope for optimising this algorithm both for speed and clarity, but I'd prefer to get the main translation in first so that any further changes have a reliable baseline (especially since we'll likely end up changing the behaviour slightly if we touch anything at all in getpath, so it'd be good to capture those as individual commits/bugs).

    @zooba
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    zooba commented Nov 26, 2021

    Status update on this: I owe everyone a perf comparison of the before/after with this change.

    I don't particularly want to block on a regression unless it's significant (honestly still have no idea what to expect), but open to others' thoughts on this point. How big a perf impact is this change worth?

    (Obviously once I have some numbers the discussion can be more concrete, but I don't have them yet, and I have to catch up on other issues for a while as this one took so long to get this far.)

    @zooba
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    zooba commented Nov 29, 2021

    It's one data point (well, statistics over 1000 points), but it looks like it's actually a slight improvement in performance over the previous code on Windows :)

    before   after
    

    min 23.103 22.154
    25% 25.069 23.59925
    50% 25.8125 24.2715
    75% 26.65175 24.89575
    max 147.567 138.997

    Going to run a Linux test as well, since that was a completely different code path, but assuming it's not drastically different then I'll go ahead and merge.

    @zooba
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    zooba commented Nov 29, 2021

    Basically unchanged on Debian/WSL as well.

    There's a new conflict arisen, so I'll resolve that and then merge.

    @zooba
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    zooba commented Dec 3, 2021

    New changeset 99fcf15 by Steve Dower in branch 'main':
    bpo-45582: Port getpath[p].c to Python (GH-29041)
    99fcf15

    @zooba
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    zooba commented Dec 3, 2021

    It's done! Those were some of the hardest memory leaks I've had to track down, but it should be clear now.

    As I mentioned in the commit message, this change attempts to preserve every known quirk. However, I think these ought to be streamlined across platforms to improve the code and/or startup performance.

    But at least we know now that any changes in the future that require test changes are expected, and not the result of this change :)

    @zooba zooba closed this as completed Dec 3, 2021
    @zooba zooba closed this as completed Dec 3, 2021
    @ericsnowcurrently
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    Hurray! Thanks, Steve!

    @tiran
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    tiran commented Dec 3, 2021

    New changeset ccb73a0 by Christian Heimes in branch 'main':
    bpo-45582: Fix out-of-tree build issues with new getpath (GH-29902)
    ccb73a0

    @neonene
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    neonene mannequin commented Dec 3, 2021

    PGO-instrumented binary seems not to specify the stdlib directory on PR29041. I can run it with PYTHONPATH set.

    Python path configuration:
    PYTHONHOME = 'C:\Py311\'
    PYTHONPATH = (not set)
    program name = 'C:\Py311\PCbuild\amd64\instrumented\python.exe'
    isolated = 0
    environment = 1
    user site = 1
    import site = 1
    is in build tree = 1
    stdlib dir = 'C:\Py311\PCbuild\Lib'
    sys._base_executable = 'C:\\py311\\PCbuild\\amd64\\instrumented\\python.exe'
    sys.base_prefix = 'C:\\py311\\'
    sys.base_exec_prefix = 'C:\\py311\\'
    sys.platlibdir = 'DLLs'
    sys.executable = 'C:\\py311\\PCbuild\\amd64\\instrumented\\python.exe'
    sys.prefix = 'C:\\py311\\'
    sys.exec_prefix = 'C:\\py311\\'
    sys.path = [
    'C:\\py311\\PCbuild\\amd64\\instrumented\\python311.zip',
    'C:\\py311\\PCbuild\\Lib',
    'C:\\py311\\PCbuild\\amd64\\instrumented',
    ]
    Fatal Python error: init_fs_encoding: failed to get the Python codec of the filesystem encoding
    Python runtime state: core initialized
    ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'encodings'

    @zooba
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    zooba commented Dec 3, 2021

    New changeset 7d7c91a by neonene in branch 'main':
    bpo-45582: Add a NOT operator to the condition in getpath_isxfile (GH-29906)
    7d7c91a

    @miss-islington
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    New changeset 0ae4e0c by Benjamin Peterson in branch 'main':
    bpo-45582 Fix prototype of _Py_Get_Getpath_CodeObject. (GH-29907)
    0ae4e0c

    @tiran
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    tiran commented Dec 5, 2021

    New changeset 628abe4 by Christian Heimes in branch 'main':
    bpo-45582: Fix signature of _Py_Get_Getpath_CodeObject (GH-29921)
    628abe4

    @zooba
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    zooba commented Dec 6, 2021

    New changeset af1db4e by neonene in branch 'main':
    bpo-45582: Fix getpath_isxfile() and test_embed on Windows (GH-29930)
    af1db4e

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    tiran commented Dec 6, 2021

    New changeset f16f93e by Christian Heimes in branch 'main':
    bpo-45582: framework build: modPath must not be const (GH-29944)
    f16f93e

    @zooba
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    zooba commented Dec 7, 2021

    New changeset b7ef27b by Steve Dower in branch 'main':
    bpo-45582: Ensure PYTHONHOME still overrides detected build prefixes (GH-29948)
    b7ef27b

    @ambv
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    ambv commented Dec 7, 2021

    New changeset 06c4ae8 by Christian Heimes in branch 'main':
    bpo-45582: Fix framework path and bootstrap build (GH-29954)
    06c4ae8

    @zooba
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    zooba commented Dec 8, 2021

    New changeset b0b3086 by Steve Dower in branch 'main':
    bpo-45582: Write empty pybuilddir.txt on Windows to allow relocatable build directories (GH-29979)
    b0b3086

    @zooba
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    zooba commented Dec 10, 2021

    New changeset 3f398a7 by neonene in branch 'main':
    bpo-45582: Fix test_embed failure during a PGO build on Windows (GH-30014)
    3f398a7

    @tiran
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    tiran commented Mar 6, 2022

    New changeset 55a5e17 by Christian Heimes in branch 'main':
    bpo-45582: Don't fail if ENV_PATH is None in getpath.py (GH-31699)
    55a5e17

    @ezio-melotti ezio-melotti transferred this issue from another repository Apr 10, 2022
    miss-islington pushed a commit to miss-islington/cpython that referenced this issue Jun 17, 2022
    …_embed on Windows (pythonGH-93888)
    
    (cherry picked from commit ffc228d)
    
    Co-authored-by: neonene <53406459+neonene@users.noreply.github.com>
    miss-islington added a commit that referenced this issue Jun 17, 2022
    … on Windows (GH-93888)
    
    (cherry picked from commit ffc228d)
    
    Co-authored-by: neonene <53406459+neonene@users.noreply.github.com>
    serhiy-storchaka added a commit that referenced this issue Jun 26, 2022
    * GH-93444: remove redundant fields from basicblock: b_nofallthrough, b_exit, b_return (GH-93445)
    
    * netrc: Remove unused "import shlex" (#93311)
    
    * gh-92886: Fix test that fails when running with `-O` in `test_imaplib.py` (#93237)
    
    * Fix missing word in sys.float_info docstring (GH-93489)
    
    * [doc] Correct a grammatical error in a docstring. (GH-93441)
    
    * gh-93442: Make C++ version of _Py_CAST work with 0/NULL. (#93500)
    
    Add C++ overloads for _Py_CAST_impl() to handle 0/NULL.  This will allow
    C++ extensions that pass 0 or NULL to macros using _Py_CAST() to
    continue to compile.  Without this, you get an error like:
    
        invalid ‘static_cast’ from type ‘int’ to type ‘_object*’
    
    The modern way to use a NULL value in C++ is to use nullptr.  However,
    we want to not break extensions that do things the old way.
    
    Co-authored-by: serge-sans-paille
    
    * gh-93442: Add test for _Py_CAST(nullptr). (gh-93505)
    
    * gh-90473: wasmtime does not support absolute symlinks (GH-93490)
    
    * gh-89973: Fix re.error in the fnmatch module. (GH-93072)
    
    Character ranges with upper bound less that lower bound (e.g. [c-a])
    are now interpreted as empty ranges, for compatibility with other glob
    pattern implementations. Previously it was re.error.
    
    * Document LOAD_FAST_CHECK opcode (#93498)
    
    * gh-93247: Fix assert function in asyncio locks test (#93248)
    
    * gh-90473: WASI requires proper open(2) flags (GH-93529)
    
    * GH-92308 What's New: list pending removals in 3.13 and future versions (#92562)
    
    * gh-90473: Skip POSIX tests that don't apply to WASI (GH-93536)
    
    * asyncio.Barrier docs: Fix typo (#93371)
    
    taks -> tasks
    
    * gh-83728: Add hmac.new default parameter deprecation (GH-91939)
    
    * gh-90473: Make chmod a dummy on WASI, skip chmod tests (GH-93534)
    
    WASI does not have the ``chmod(2)`` syscall yet.
    
    * Remove action=None kwarg from Barrier docs (GH-93538)
    
    * [docs] fix some asyncio.Barrier.wait docs grammar (GH-93552)
    
    * gh-93475: Expose FICLONE and FICLONERANGE constants in fcntl (#93478)
    
    * gh-89018: Improve documentation of `sqlite3` exceptions (#27645)
    
    - Order exceptions as in PEP 249
    - Reword descriptions, so they match the current behaviour
    
    Co-authored-by: Alex Waygood <Alex.Waygood@Gmail.com>
    
    * bpo-42658: Use LCMapStringEx in ntpath.normcase to match OS behaviour for case-folding (GH-32010)
    
    * Fix contributor name in WhatsNew 3.11 (GH-93556)
    
    * Grammar fix to socket error string (GH-93523)
    
    * gh-86986: bump min sphinx version to 3.2 (GH-93337)
    
    * gh-79096: Protect cookie file created by {LWP,Mozilla}CookieJar.save() (GH-93463)
    
    Note: This change is not effective on Microsoft Windows.
    
    Cookies can store sensitive information and should therefore be protected
    against unauthorized third parties. This is also described in issue #79096.
    
    The filesystem permissions are currently set to 644, everyone can read the
    file. This commit changes the permissions to 600, only the creater of the file
    can read and modify it. This improves security, because it reduces the attack
    surface. Now the attacker needs control of the user that created the cookie or
    a ways to circumvent the filesystems permissions.
    
    This change is backwards incompatible. Systems that rely on world-readable
    cookies will breake. However, one could argue that those are misconfigured in
    the first place.
    
    * gh-93162: Add ability to configure QueueHandler/QueueListener together (GH-93269)
    
    Also, provide getHandlerByName() and getHandlerNames() APIs.
    
    Closes #93162.
    
    * gh-57539: Increase calendar test coverage (GH-93468)
    
    Co-authored-by: Sean Fleming
    Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
    Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
    
    * gh-88831: In docs for asyncio.create_task, explain why strong references to tasks are needed (GH-93258)
    
    Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
    
    * Shrink the LOAD_METHOD cache by one codeunit. (#93537)
    
    * Fix MSVC compiler warnings in ceval.c (#93569)
    
    * gh-93162: test_config_queue_handler requires threading (GH-93572)
    
    * gh-84461: Emscripten's faccessat() does not accept flags (GHß92353)
    
    * gh-92592: Allow logging filters to return a LogRecord. (GH-92591)
    
    * Fix `PurePath.relative_to` links in the pathlib documentation. (GH-93268)
    
    These are currently broken as they refer to :meth:`Path.relative_to` rather than :meth:`PurePath.relative_to`, and `relative_to` is a method on `PurePath`.
    
    * GH-93481: Suppress expected deprecation warning in test_pyclbr (GH-93483)
    
    * gh-93370: Deprecate sqlite3.version and sqlite3.version_info (#93482)
    
    Co-authored-by: Alex Waygood <Alex.Waygood@Gmail.com>
    Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
    Co-authored-by: Erlend E. Aasland <erlend.aasland@protonmail.com>
    
    * GH-93521: For dataclasses, filter out `__weakref__` slot if present in bases (GH-93535)
    
    * gh-93421: Update sqlite3 cursor.rowcount only after SQLITE_DONE (#93526)
    
    * gh-93584: Make all install+tests targets depends on all (GH-93589)
    
    All install targets use the "all" target as synchronization point to
    prevent race conditions with PGO builds. PGO builds use recursive make,
    which can lead to two parallel `./python setup.py build` processes that
    step on each others toes.
    
    "test" targets now correctly compile PGO build in a clean repo.
    
    * gh-87961: Remove outdated notes from functions that aren't in the Limited API (GH-93581)
    
    * Remove outdated notes from functions that aren't in the Limited API
    
    Nowadays everything that *is* in the Limited API has a note added
    automatically.
    These notes could mislead people to think that these functions
    could never be added to the limited API. Remove them.
    
    * Also remove forgotten note on tp_vectorcall_offset not being finalized
    
    * gh-93180: Update os.copy_file_range() documentation (#93182)
    
    * gh-93575: Use correct way to calculate PyUnicode struct sizes (GH-93602)
    
    * gh-93575: Use correct way to calculate PyUnicode struct sizes
    
    * Add comment to keep test_sys and test_unicode in sync
    
    * Fix case code < 256
    
    * gh-90473: Define HOSTRUNNER for WASI (GH-93606)
    
    * gh-79096: Fix/improve http cookiejar tests (GH-93614)
    
    Fixup of GH-93463:
    - remove stray print
    - use proper way to check file mode
    - add working chmod decorator
    
    Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
    
    * gh-93616: Fix env changed issue in test_modulefinder (GH-93617)
    
    * gh-90494: Reject 6th element of the __reduce__() tuple (GH-93609)
    
    copy.copy() and copy.deepcopy() now always raise a TypeError if
    __reduce__() returns a tuple with length 6 instead of silently ignore
    the 6th item or produce incorrect result.
    
    * Doc: Update references and examples of old, unsupported OSes and uarches (GH-92791)
    
    * bpo-45383: Get metaclass from bases in PyType_From* (GH-28748)
    
    This checks the bases of of a type created using the FromSpec
    API to inherit the bases metaclasses.  The metaclass's alloc
    function will be called as is done in `tp_new` for classes
    created in Python.
    
    Co-authored-by: Petr Viktorin <encukou@gmail.com>
    Co-authored-by: Erlend Egeberg Aasland <erlend.aasland@protonmail.com>
    
    * Improve logging documentation with example and additional cookbook re… (GH-93644)
    
    * gh-90473: disable user site packages on WASI/Emscripten (GH-93633)
    
    * gh-90473: Skip get_config_h() tests on WASI (GH-93645)
    
    * gh-90549: Fix leak of global named resources using multiprocessing spawn (#30617)
    
    Co-authored-by: XD Trol <milestonejxd@gmail.com>
    Co-authored-by: Antoine Pitrou <pitrou@free.fr>
    
    * gh-92434: Silence compiler warning in Modules/_sqlite/connection.c on 32-bit systems (#93090)
    
    * gh-90763: Modernise xx template module initialisation (#93078)
    
    Use C APIs such as PyModule_AddType instead of PyModule_AddObject.
    Also remove incorrect module decrefs if module fails to initialise.
    
    * gh-93491: Add support tier detection to configure (GH-93492)
    
    Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
    Co-authored-by: Steve Dower <steve.dower@microsoft.com>
    Co-authored-by: Erlend Egeberg Aasland <erlend.aasland@protonmail.com>
    
    * gh-93466: Document PyType_Spec doesn't accept repeated slot IDs; raise where this was problematic (GH-93471)
    
    * gh-93671: Avoid exponential backtracking in deeply nested sequence patterns in match statements (GH-93680)
    
    Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
    
    * gh-81790: support "UNC" device paths in `ntpath.splitdrive()` (GH-91882)
    
    * GH-93621: reorder code in with/async-with exception exit path to reduce the size of the exception table (GH-93622)
    
    * gh-93461: Invalidate sys.path_importer_cache entries with relative paths (GH-93653)
    
    * gh-91317: Document that Path does not collapse initial `//` (GH-32193)
    
    
    
    Documentation for `pathlib` says:
    
    > Spurious slashes and single dots are collapsed, but double dots ('..') are not, since this would change the meaning of a path in the face of symbolic links:
    
    However, it omits that initial double slashes also aren't collapsed.
    
    Later, in documentation of `PurePath.drive`, `PurePath.root`, and `PurePath.name` it mentions UNC but:
    
    - this abbreviation says nothing to a person who is unaware about existence of UNC (Wikipedia doesn't help either by [giving a disambiguation page](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNC))
    - it shows up only if a person needs to use a specific property or decides to fully learn what the module provides.
    
    For context, see the BPO entry.
    
    * gh-92886: Fix tests that fail when running with optimizations (`-O`) in `test_zipimport.py` (GH-93236)
    
    * gh-92930: _pickle.c: Acquire strong references before calling save() (GH-92931)
    
    * gh-84461: Use HOSTRUNNER to run regression tests (GH-93694)
    
    Co-authored-by: Brett Cannon <brett@python.org>
    
    * gh-90473: Skip test_queue when threading is not available (GH-93712)
    
    * gh-90153:  whatsnew: "z" option in format spec (GH-93624)
    
    Add what's new entry for PEP 682 in Python 3.11.
    
    * gh-86404: [doc] A make sucpicious false positive. (GH-93710)
    
    * Change list to view object (#93661)
    
    * gh-84508: tool to generate cjk traditional chinese mappings (gh-93272)
    
    * Remove usage of _Py_IDENTIFIER from math module (#93739)
    
    * gh-91162: Support splitting of unpacked arbitrary-length tuple over TypeVar and TypeVarTuple parameters (alt) (GH-93412)
    
    For example:
    
      A[T, *Ts][*tuple[int, ...]] -> A[int, *tuple[int, ...]]
      A[*Ts, T][*tuple[int, ...]] -> A[*tuple[int, ...], int]
    
    * gh-93728: fix memory leak in deepfrozen code objects (GH-93729)
    
    * gh-93747: Fix Refleak when handling multiple Py_tp_doc slots (gh-93749)
    
    * GH-90699: use statically allocated strings in typeobject.c (gh-93751)
    
    * Add more FOR_ITER specialization stats (GH-32151)
    
    * gh-89653: PEP 670: Convert PyFunction macros (#93765)
    
    Convert PyFunction macros to static inline functions.
    
    * Remove ANY_VARARGS() macro from the C API (#93764)
    
    The macro was exposed by mistake.
    
    * gh-84623: Remove unused imports in stdlib (#93773)
    
    * gh-91731: Don't define 'static_assert' in C++11 where is a keyword to avoid UB (GH-93700)
    
    * gh-84623: Remove unused imports in tests (#93772)
    
    * gh-93353: Fix importlib.resources._tempfile() finalizer (#93377)
    
    Fix the importlib.resources.as_file() context manager to remove the
    temporary file if destroyed late during Python finalization: keep a
    local reference to the os.remove() function. Patch by Victor Stinner.
    
    * gh-84461: Fix parallel testing on WebAssembly (GH-93768)
    
    * gh-89653: PEP 670: Macros always cast arguments in cpython/ (#93766)
    
    Header files in the Include/cpython/ are only included if
    the Py_LIMITED_API macro is not defined.
    
    * gh-93353: Add test.support.late_deletion() (#93774)
    
    * gh-93741: Add private C API _PyImport_GetModuleAttrString() (GH-93742)
    
    It combines PyImport_ImportModule() and PyObject_GetAttrString()
    and saves 4-6 lines of code on every use.
    
    Add also _PyImport_GetModuleAttr() which takes Python strings as arguments.
    
    * gh-79512: Fixed names and __module__ value of weakref classes (GH-93719)
    
    Classes ReferenceType, ProxyType and CallableProxyType have now correct
    atrtributes __module__, __name__ and __qualname__.
    It makes them (types, not instances) pickleable.
    
    * gh-91810: Fix regression with writing an XML declaration with encoding='unicode' (GH-93426)
    
    Suppress writing an XML declaration in open files in ElementTree.write()
    with encoding='unicode' and xml_declaration=None.
    
    If file patch is passed to ElementTree.write() with encoding='unicode',
    always open a new file in UTF-8.
    
    * gh-93761: Fix test to avoid simple delay when synchronizing. (GH-93779)
    
    * gh-89546: Clean up PyType_FromMetaclass (GH-93686)
    
    
    
    When changing PyType_FromMetaclass recently (GH-93012, GH-93466, GH-28748)
    I found a bunch of opportunities to improve the code. Here they are.
    
    Fixes: #89546
    
    Automerge-Triggered-By: GH:encukou
    
    * gh-91321: Fix compatibility with C++ older than C++11 (#93784)
    
    Fix the compatibility of the Python C API with C++ older than C++11.
    
    _Py_NULL is only defined as nullptr on C++11 and newer.
    
    * GH-93662: Make sure that column offsets are correct in multi-line method calls. (GH-93673)
    
    * GH-93516: Store offset of first traceable instruction in code object (GH-93769)
    
    * gh-90473: Include stdlib dir in wasmtime PYTHONPATH (GH-93797)
    
    * GH-93429: Merge `LOAD_METHOD` back into `LOAD_ATTR` (GH-93430)
    
    * gh-93353: regrtest checks for leaked temporary files (#93776)
    
    When running tests with -jN, create a temporary directory per process
    and mark a test as "environment changed" if a test leaks a temporary
    file or directory.
    
    * gh-79579: Improve DML query detection in sqlite3 (#93623)
    
    The fix involves using pysqlite_check_remaining_sql(), not only to check
    for multiple statements, but now also to strip leading comments and
    whitespace from SQL statements, so we can improve DML query detection.
    
    pysqlite_check_remaining_sql() is renamed lstrip_sql(), to more
    accurately reflect its function, and hardened to handle more SQL comment
    corner cases.
    
    * GH-93678: reduce boilerplate and code repetition in the compiler (GH-93682)
    
    * gh-91877: Fix WriteTransport.get_write_buffer_{limits,size} docs (#92338)
    
    - Amend docs for WriteTransport.get_write_buffer_limits
    - Add docs for WriteTransport.get_write_buffer_size
    
    * GH-93429: Document `LOAD_METHOD` removal (GH-93803)
    
    * Include freelists in allocation total. (GH-93799)
    
    * gh-93795: Use test.support TESTFN/unlink in sqlite3 tests (#93796)
    
    * Remove LOAD_METHOD stats. (GH-93807)
    
    * Rename 'LOAD_METHOD' specialization stat consts to 'ATTR'. (GH-93812)
    
    * gh-93353: Fix regrtest for -jN with N >= 2 (GH-93813)
    
    * [docs] Fix LOAD_ATTR version changed (GH-93816)
    
    * gh-93814: Add infinite test for itertools.chain.from_iterable (GH-93815)
    
    
    
    fix #93814
    
    Automerge-Triggered-By: GH:rhettinger
    
    * gh-93735: Split Docs CI to speed-up the build (GH-93736)
    
    * gh-93183: Adjust wording in socket docs (#93832)
    
    package => packet
    
    Co-authored-by: Victor Norman
    
    * gh-93829: In sqlite3, replace Py_BuildValue with faster APIs (#93830)
    
    - In Modules/_sqlite/connection.c, use PyLong_FromLong
    - In Modules/_sqlite/microprotocols.c, use PyTuple_Pack
    
    * Add test.support.busy_retry() (#93770)
    
    Add busy_retry() and sleeping_retry() functions to test.support.
    
    * gh-87260: Update sqlite3 signature docs to reflect actual implementation (#93840)
    
    Align the docs for the following methods with the actual implementation:
    
    - sqlite3.complete_statement()
    - sqlite3.Connection.create_function()
    - sqlite3.Connection.create_aggregate()
    - sqlite3.Connection.set_progress_handler()
    
    * test_thread uses support.sleeping_retry() (#93849)
    
    test_thread.test_count() now fails if it takes longer than
    LONG_TIMEOUT seconds.
    
    * Use support.sleeping_retry() and support.busy_retry() (#93848)
    
    * Replace time.sleep(0.010) with sleeping_retry() to
      use an exponential sleep.
    * support.wait_process(): reuse sleeping_retry().
    * _test_eintr: remove unused variables.
    
    * Update includes in call.c (GH-93786)
    
    * gh-93857: Fix broken audit-event targets in sqlite3 docs (#93859)
    
    Corrected targets for the following audit-events:
    
    - sqlite3.enable_load_extension => sqlite3.Connection.enable_load_extension
    - sqlite3.load_extension => sqlite3.Connection.load_extension
    
    * GH-93850: Fix test_asyncio exception ignored tracebacks (#93854)
    
    * gh-93824: Reenable installation of shell extension on Windows ARM64 (GH-93825)
    
    * test_asyncio: run_until() implements exponential sleep (#93866)
    
    run_until() of test.test_asyncio.utils now uses an exponential sleep
    delay (max: 1 second), rather than a fixed delay of 1 ms. Similar
    design than support.sleeping_retry() wait strategy that applies
    exponential backoff.
    
    * test_asyncore: Optimize capture_server() (#93867)
    
    Remove time.sleep(0.01) in test_asyncore capture_server(). The sleep
    was redundant and inefficient, since the loop starts with
    select.select() which also implements a sleep (poll for socket data
    with a timeout).
    
    * Tests call sleeping_retry() with SHORT_TIMEOUT (#93870)
    
    Tests now call busy_retry() and sleeping_retry() with SHORT_TIMEOUT
    or LONG_TIMEOUT (of test.support), rather than hardcoded constants.
    
    Add also WAIT_ACTIVE_CHILDREN_TIMEOUT constant to
    _test_multiprocessing.
    
    * gh-84461: Document how to install SDKs manually (GH-93844)
    
    Co-authored-by: Brett Cannon <brett@python.org>
    
    * gh-93820: Fix copy() regression in enum.Flag (GH-93876)
    
    
    
    GH-26658 introduced a regression in copy / pickle protocol for combined
    `enum.Flag`s. `copy.copy(re.A | re.I)` would fail with
    `AttributeError: ASCII|IGNORECASE`.
    
    `enum.Flag` now has a `__reduce_ex__()` method that reduces flags by
    combined value, not by combined name.
    
    * Call busy_retry() and sleeping_retry() with error=True (#93871)
    
    Tests no longer call busy_retry() and sleeping_retry() with
    error=False: raise an exception if the loop times out.
    
    * gh-87347: Add parenthesis around PyXXX_Check() arguments (#92815)
    
    * gh-91321: Fix test_cppext for C++03 (#93902)
    
    Don't build _testcppext.cpp with -Wzero-as-null-pointer-constant when
    testing C++03: only use this compiler flag with C++11.
    
    * gh-91577: SharedMemory move imports out of methods (#91579)
    
    SharedMemory.unlink() uses the unregister() function from resource_tracker. Previously it was imported in the method, but this can fail if the method is called during interpreter shutdown, for example when unlink is part of a __del__() method.
    
    Moving the import to the top of the file, means that the unregister() method is available during interpreter shutdown.
    
    The register call in SharedMemory.__init__() can also use this imported resource_tracker.
    
    * gh-92547: Amend What's New (#93872)
    
    * Fix BINARY_SUBSCR_GETITEM stats (GH-93903)
    
    * gh-93847: Fix repr of enum of generic aliases (GH-93885)
    
    * gh-93353: regrtest supports checking tmp files with -j2 (#93909)
    
    regrtest now also implements checking for leaked temporary files and
    directories when using -jN for N >= 2. Use tempfile.mkdtemp() to
    create the temporary directory. Skip this check on WASI.
    
    * GH-91389: Fix dis position information for CACHEs (GH-93663)
    
    * gh-91985: Ensure in-tree builds override platstdlib_dir in every path calculation (GH-93641)
    
    * GH-83658: make multiprocessing.Pool raise an exception if maxtasksperchild is not None or a positive int (GH-93364)
    
    
    
    Closes #83658.
    
    * test_logging: Fix BytesWarning in SysLogHandlerTest (GH-93920)
    
    * gh-91404: Revert "bpo-23689: re module, fix memory leak when a match is terminated by a signal or allocation failure (GH-32283) (#93882)
    
    Revert "bpo-23689: re module, fix memory leak when a match is terminated by a signal or memory allocation failure (GH-32283)"
    
    This reverts commit 6e3eee5.
    
    Manual fixups to increase the MAGIC number and to handle conflicts with
    a couple of changes that landed after that.
    
    Thanks for reviews by Ma Lin and Serhiy Storchaka.
    
    * gh-89745: Avoid exact match when comparing program_name in test_embed on Windows (GH-93888)
    
    * gh-93852: Add test.support.create_unix_domain_name() (#93914)
    
    test_asyncio, test_logging, test_socket and test_socketserver now
    create AF_UNIX domains in the current directory to no longer fail
    with OSError("AF_UNIX path too long") if the temporary directory (the
    TMPDIR environment variable) is too long.
    
    Modify the following tests to use create_unix_domain_name():
    
    * test_asyncio
    * test_logging
    * test_socket
    * test_socketserver
    
    test_asyncio.utils: remove unused time import.
    
    * gh-77782: Py_FdIsInteractive() now uses PyConfig.interactive (#93916)
    
    * gh-74953: Add _PyTime_FromMicrosecondsClamp() function (#93942)
    
    * gh-74953: Fix PyThread_acquire_lock_timed() code recomputing the timeout (#93941)
    
    Set timeout, don't create a local variable with the same name.
    
    * gh-77782: Deprecate global configuration variable (#93943)
    
    Deprecate global configuration variable like
    Py_IgnoreEnvironmentFlag: the Py_InitializeFromConfig() API should be
    instead.
    
    Fix declaration of Py_GETENV(): use PyAPI_FUNC(), not PyAPI_DATA().
    
    * gh-93911: Specialize `LOAD_ATTR_PROPERTY` (GH-93912)
    
    * gh-92888: Fix memoryview bad `__index__` use after free (GH-92946)
    
    Co-authored-by: chilaxan <35645806+chilaxan@users.noreply.github.com>
    Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <3659035+serhiy-storchaka@users.noreply.github.com>
    
    * GH-89858: Fix test_embed for out-of-tree builds (GH-93465)
    
    * gh-92611: Add details on replacements for cgi utility funcs (GH-92792)
    
    
    
    Per @brettcannon 's [suggestions on the Discourse thread](https://discuss.python.org/t/pep-594-take-2-removing-dead-batteries-from-the-standard-library/13508/51), discussed in #92611 and as a followup to PR #92612 , this PR add additional specific per-function replacement information for the utility functions in the `cgi` module deprecated by PEP 594 (PEP-594).
    
    @brettcannon , should this be backported (without the `deprecated-removed` , which I would update it accordingly and re-add in my other PR adding that to the others for 3.11+), or just go in 3.11+?
    
    * GH-77403: Fix tests which fail when PYTHONUSERBASE is not normalized (GH-93917)
    
    * gh-91387: Strip trailing slash from tarfile longname directories (GH-32423)
    
    Co-authored-by: Brett Cannon <brett@python.org>
    
    * Add jaraco as primary owner of importlib.metadata and importlib.resources. (#93960)
    
    * Add jaraco as primary owner of importlib.metadata and importlib.resources.
    
    * Align indentation.
    
    Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>
    
    Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>
    
    * gh-84461: Fix circulare dependency on BUILDPYTHON (GH-93977)
    
    * gh-89828: Do not relay the __class__ attribute in GenericAlias (#93754)
    
    list[int].__class__ returned type, and isinstance(list[int], type)
    returned True. It caused numerous problems in code that checks
    isinstance(x, type).
    
    * gh-84461: Fix pydebug Emscripten browser builds (GH-93982)
    
    wasm_assets script did not take the ABIFLAG flag of sysconfigdata into
    account.
    
    * gh-93955: Use unbound methods for slot `__getattr__` and `__getattribute__` (GH-93956)
    
    * gh-91387: Fix tarfile test on WASI (GH-93984)
    
    WASI's rmdir() syscall does not like the trailing slash.
    
    * gh-93975: Nicer error reporting in test_venv (GH-93959)
    
    
    
    - gh-93957: Provide nicer error reporting from subprocesses in test_venv.EnsurePipTest.test_with_pip.
    - Update changelog
    
    This change does three things:
    
    1. Extract a function for trapping output in subprocesses.
    2. Emit both stdout and stderr when encountering an error.
    3. Apply the change to `ensurepip._uninstall` check.
    
    * GH-93990: fix refcounting bug in `add_subclass` in `typeobject.c` (GH-93989)
    
    * What's new in 3.10: fix link to issue (#93968)
    
    * What's new in 3.10: fix link to issue
    
    * What's new in 3.10: fix link to GH issue
    
    Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>
    
    Co-authored-by: Ezio Melotti <ezio.melotti@gmail.com>
    
    * gh-93761: Fix test_logging test_config_queue_handler() race condition (#93952)
    
    Fix a race condition in test_config_queue_handler() of test_logging.
    
    * gh-74953: Reformat PyThread_acquire_lock_timed() (#93947)
    
    Reformat the pthread implementation of PyThread_acquire_lock_timed()
    using a mutex and a conditioinal variable.
    
    * Add goto to avoid multiple indentation levels and exit quickly
    * Use "while(1)" and make the control flow more obvious.
    * PEP 7: Add braces around if blocks.
    
    * gh-93937, C API: Move PyFrame_GetBack() to Python.h (#93938)
    
    Move the follow functions and type from frameobject.h to pyframe.h,
    so the standard <Python.h> provide frame getter functions:
    
    * PyFrame_Check()
    * PyFrame_GetBack()
    * PyFrame_GetBuiltins()
    * PyFrame_GetGenerator()
    * PyFrame_GetGlobals()
    * PyFrame_GetLasti()
    * PyFrame_GetLocals()
    * PyFrame_Type
    
    Remove #include "frameobject.h" from many C files. It's no longer
    needed.
    
    * gh-93991: Use boolean instead of 0/1 for condition check (GH-93992)
    
    
    
    # gh-93991: Use boolean instead of 0/1 for condition check
    
    * gh-84461: Fix Emscripten umask and permission issues (GH-94002)
    
    - Emscripten's default umask is too strict, see
      emscripten-core/emscripten#17269
    - getuid/getgid and geteuid/getegid are stubs that always return 0
      (root). Disable effective uid/gid syscalls and fix tests that use
      chmod() current user.
    - Cannot drop X bit from directory.
    
    * gh-84461: Skip test_unwritable_directory again on Emscripten (GH-94007)
    
    GH-93992 removed geteuid() and enabled the test again on Emscripten.
    
    * gh-93925: Improve clarity of sqlite3 commit/rollback, and close docs (#93926)
    
    Co-authored-by: CAM Gerlach <CAM.Gerlach@Gerlach.CAM>
    
    * gh-61162: Clarify sqlite3 connection context manager docs (GH-93890)
    
    
    
    Explicitly note that transactions are only closed if there is an open
    transation at `__exit__`, and that transactions are not implicitly
    opened during `__enter__`.
    
    Co-authored-by: CAM Gerlach <CAM.Gerlach@Gerlach.CAM>
    Co-authored-by: Stanley <46876382+slateny@users.noreply.github.com>
    
    Automerge-Triggered-By: GH:erlend-aasland
    
    * gh-79009: sqlite3.iterdump now correctly handles tables with autoincrement (#9621)
    
    Co-authored-by: Erlend E. Aasland <erlend.aasland@protonmail.com>
    
    * gh-84461: Silence some compiler warnings on WASM (GH-93978)
    
    * GH-93897: Store frame size in code object and de-opt if insufficient space on thread frame stack. (GH-93908)
    
    * GH-93516: Speedup line number checks when tracing. (GH-93763)
    
    * Use a lookup table to reduce overhead of getting line numbers during tracing.
    
    * gh-90539: doc: Expand on what should not go into CFLAGS, LDFLAGS (#92754)
    
    * gh-87347: Add parenthesis around macro arguments (#93915)
    
    Add unit test on Py_MEMBER_SIZE() and some other macros.
    
    * gh-93937: PyOS_StdioReadline() uses PyConfig.legacy_windows_stdio (#94024)
    
    On Windows, PyOS_StdioReadline() now gets
    PyConfig.legacy_windows_stdio from _PyOS_ReadlineTState, rather than
    using the deprecated global Py_LegacyWindowsStdioFlag variable.
    
    Fix also a compiler warning in Py_SetStandardStreamEncoding().
    
    * GH-93249: relax overly strict assertion on bounds->ar_start (GH-93961)
    
    * gh-94021: Address unreachable code warning in specialize code (GH-94022)
    
    * GH-93678: refactor compiler so that optimizer does not need the assembler and compiler structs (GH-93842)
    
    * gh-93839: Move Lib/ctypes/test/ to Lib/test/test_ctypes/ (#94041)
    
    * Move Lib/ctypes/test/ to Lib/test/test_ctypes/
    * Remove Lib/test/test_ctypes.py
    * Update imports and build system.
    
    * gh-93839: Move Lib/unttest/test/ to Lib/test/test_unittest/ (#94043)
    
    * Move Lib/unittest/test/ to Lib/test/test_unittest/
    * Remove Lib/test/test_unittest.py
    * Replace unittest.test with test.test_unittest
    * Remove unittest.load_tests()
    * Rewrite unittest __init__.py and __main__.py
    * Update build system, CODEOWNERS, and wasm_assets.py
    
    * GH-91432: Specialize FOR_ITER (GH-91713)
    
    * Adds FOR_ITER_LIST and FOR_ITER_RANGE specializations.
    
    * Adds _PyLong_AssignValue() internal function to avoid temporary boxing of ints.
    
    * gh-94028: Clear and reset sqlite3 statements properly in cursor iternext (GH-94042)
    
    * gh-94052: Don't re-run failed tests with --python option (#94054)
    
    * gh-93839: Use load_package_tests() for testmock (GH-94055)
    
    
    
    Fixes failing tests on WebAssembly platforms.
    
    Automerge-Triggered-By: GH:tiran
    
    * gh-54781: Move Lib/lib2to3/tests/ to Lib/test/test_lib2to3/ (#94049)
    
    * Move Lib/lib2to3/tests/ to Lib/test/test_lib2to3/.
    * Remove Lib/test/test_lib2to3.py.
    * Update imports.
    * all_project_files(): use different paths and sort files
      to make the tests more reproducible.
    * Update references to tests.
    
    * gh-74953: _PyThread_cond_after() uses _PyTime_t (#94056)
    
    pthread _PyThread_cond_after() implementation now uses the _PyTime_t
    type to handle properly overflow: clamp to the maximum value.
    
    Remove MICROSECONDS_TO_TIMESPEC() function.
    
    * GH-93841: Allow stats to be turned on and off, cleared and dumped at runtime. (GH-93843)
    
    * gh-86986: Drop compatibility support for Sphinx 2 (GH-93737)
    
    * Revert "bpo-42843: Keep Sphinx 1.8 and Sphinx 2 compatibility (GH-24282)"
    
    This reverts commit 5c1f15b
    
    * Revert "bpo-42579: Make workaround for various versions of Sphinx more robust (GH-23662)"
    
    This reverts commit b63a620.
    
    * gh-94068: Remove HVSOCKET_CONTAINER_PASSTHRU constant because it has been removed from Windows (GH-94069)
    
    
    
    Fixes #94068
    
    Automerge-Triggered-By: GH:zware
    
    * Closes gh-94038: Update Release Schedule in README.rst from PEP 664 to PEP 693 (GH-94046)
    
    * gh-93851: Fix all broken links in Doc/ (GH-93853)
    
    * gh-93675: Fix typos in `Doc/` (GH-93676)
    
    Closes #93675
    
    * Minor optimization for Fractions.limit_denominator (GH-93730)
    
    When we construct the upper and lower candidates in limit_denominator,
    the numerator and denominator are already relatively prime (and the
    denominator positive) by construction, so there's no need to go through
    the usual normalisation in the constructor. This saves a couple of
    potentially expensive gcd calls.
    
    Suggested by Michael Scott Asato Cuthbert in GH-93477.
    
    * gh-93240: clarify wording in IO tutorial (GH-93276)
    
    Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
    
    * Tutorial: specify match cases don't fall through (GH-93615)
    
    * gh-93021: Fix __text_signature__ for __get__ (GH-93023)
    
    Because of the way wrap_descr_get is written, the second argument
    to __get__ methods implemented through the wrapper is always
    optional.
    
    * gh-82927: Update files related to HTML entities. (GH-92504)
    
    * DOC: correct bytesarray -> bytearray in comments (GH-92410)
    
    * gh-87389: Fix an open redirection vulnerability in http.server. (#93879)
    
    Fix an open redirection vulnerability in the `http.server` module when
    an URI path starts with `//` that could produce a 301 Location header
    with a misleading target.  Vulnerability discovered, and logic fix
    proposed, by Hamza Avvan (@hamzaavvan).
    
    Test and comments authored by Gregory P. Smith [Google].
    
    * gh-89336: Remove configparser APIs that were deprecated for 3.12 (#92503)
    
    https://github.com/python/cpython/issue/89336: Remove configparser 3.12 deprecations.
    
    Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>
    
    * bpo-30535: [doc] state that sys.meta_path is not empty by default (GH-94098)
    
    Co-authored-by: Windson yang <wiwindson@outlook.com>
    
    * gh-88123: Implement new Enum __contains__ (GH-93298)
    
    Co-authored-by: Ethan Furman <ethan@stoneleaf.us>
    
    * Stats: Add summary of top instructions for misses and deferred specialization. (GH-94072)
    
    * gh-74696: Do not change the current working directory in shutil.make_archive() if possible (GH-93160)
    
    It is no longer changed when create a zip or tar archive.
    
    It is still changed for custom archivers registered with shutil.register_archive_format()
    if root_dir is not None.
    
    Co-authored-by: Éric <merwok@netwok.org>
    Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
    
    * gh-94101 Disallow instantiation of SSLSession objects (GH-94102)
    
    
    
    Fixes #94101
    
    Automerge-Triggered-By: GH:tiran
    
    * Fix typo in _io.TextIOWrapper Clinic input (#94037)
    
    Co-authored-by: Łukasz Langa <lukasz@langa.pl>
    
    * gh-93951: In test_bdb.StateTestCase.test_skip, avoid including auxiliary importers. (GH-93962)
    
    Co-authored-by: Brett Cannon <brett@python.org>
    
    * gh-91172: Create a workflow for verifying bundled pip and setuptools (GH-31885)
    
    Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <hugovk@users.noreply.github.com>
    Co-authored-by: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com>
    
    * gh-94114: Remove obsolete reference to python.org mirrors (GH-94115)
    
    
    
    * gh-94114
    
    * gh-84623: Remove unused imports (#94132)
    
    * gh-54781: Move Lib/tkinter/test/test_ttk/ to Lib/test/test_ttk/ (#94070)
    
    * Move Lib/tkinter/test/test_tkinter/ to Lib/test/test_tkinter/.
    * Move Lib/tkinter/test/test_ttk/ to Lib/test/test_ttk/.
    * Add Lib/test/test_ttk/__init__.py based on test_ttk_guionly.py.
    * Add Lib/test/test_tkinter/__init__.py
    * Remove old Lib/test/test_tk.py.
    * Remove old Lib/test/test_ttk_guionly.py.
    * Add __main__ sub-modules.
    * Update imports and update references to rename files.
    
    * gh-84623: Move imports in doctests (#94133)
    
    Move imports in doctests to prevent false alarms in pyflakes.
    
    * Add ABI dump Makefile target (#94136)
    
    * gh-84623: Remove unused imports in idlelib (#94143)
    
    Remove commented code in test_debugger_r.py.
    
    Co-authored-by: Terry Jan Reedy <tjreedy@udel.edu>
    
    * gh-85308: argparse: Use filesystem encoding for arguments file (GH-93277)
    
    * Closes gh-94152: Update pyvideo.org URL (GH-94075)
    
    The URL is now https://pyvideo.org, which uses HTTPS and avoids a redirect.
    
    * gh-91456: [Enum] Deprecate default auto() behavior with mixed value types (GH-91457)
    
    When used with plain Enum, auto() returns the last numeric value assigned, skipping any incompatible member values (such as strings); starting in 3.13 the default auto() for plain Enums will require all the values to be of compatible types, and will return a new value that is 1 higher than any existing value.
    
    Co-authored-by: Ethan Furman <ethan@stoneleaf.us>
    
    * gh-84461: Fix test_sqlite for Emscripten/WASI (#94125)
    
    * gh-86404: [doc] Fix missing backtick and double target name. (#94120)
    
    * gh-89121: Keep the number of pending SQLite statements to a minimum (#30379)
    
    Make sure statements that have run to completion or errored are
    reset and cleared off the cursor for all paths in execute() and
    executemany().
    
    * GH-91742: Fix pdb crash after jump  (GH-94171)
    
    * [Enum] fix typo (GH-94158)
    
    * gh-92858: Improve error message for some suites with syntax error before ':' (#92894)
    
    * gh-93771: Clarify how deepfreeze.py is run (#94150)
    
    * gh-91219: Add an index_pages default list and parameter to SimpleHTTPRequestHandler (GH-31985)
    
    * Add an index_pages default list to SimpleHTTPRequestHandler and an
    optional constructor parameter that allows the default indexes pages
    list to be overridden.  This makes it easy to set a new index page name
    without having to override send_head.
    
    * [Enum] Remove automatic docstring generation (GH-94188)
    
    * Add ABI dump script (#94135)
    
    * Add more tests for throwing into yield from (GH-94097)
    
    * gh-94169: Remove deprecated io.OpenWrapper (#94170)
    
    Remove io.OpenWrapper and _pyio.OpenWrapper, deprecated in Python
    3.10: just use :func:`open` instead. The open() (io.open()) function
    is a built-in function. Since Python 3.10, _pyio.open() is also a
    static method.
    
    * gh-94199: Remove ssl.RAND_pseudo_bytes() function (#94202)
    
    Remove the ssl.RAND_pseudo_bytes() function, deprecated in Python
    3.6: use os.urandom() or ssl.RAND_bytes() instead.
    
    * gh-94196: Remove gzip.GzipFile.filename attribute (#94197)
    
    gzip: Remove the filename attribute of gzip.GzipFile,
    deprecated since Python 2.6, use the name attribute instead. In write
    mode, the filename attribute added '.gz' file extension if it was not
    present.
    
    * gh-93692: remove "build finished successfully" message from setup.py (#93693)
    
    The message was only emitted when the build succeeded _and_ there were
    missing modules.
    
    * gh-84461: Fix ctypes and test_ctypes on Emscripten (#94142)
    
    - c_longlong and c_longdouble need experimental WASM bigint.
    - Skip tests that need threading
    - Define ``CTYPES_MAX_ARGCOUNT`` for Emscripten. libffi-emscripten 2022-06-23 supports up to 1000 args.
    
    * gh-94205: Ensures all required DLLs are copied on Windows for underpth tests (GH-94206)
    
    * gh-84461: Build Emscripten with WASM BigInt support (#94219)
    
    * gh-94172: urllib.request avoids deprecated check_hostname (#94193)
    
    The urllib.request no longer uses the deprecated check_hostname
    parameter of the http.client module.
    
    Add private http.client._create_https_context() helper to http.client,
    used by urllib.request.
    
    Remove the now redundant check on check_hostname and verify_mode in
    http.client: the SSLContext.check_hostname setter already implements
    the check.
    
    * IDLE: replace if statement with expression (#94228)
    
    * Docs: Remove `Provides [...]` from `multiprocessing.shared_memory` description (#92761)
    
    * gh-93382: Sync up `co_code` changes with 3.11 (GH-94227)
    
    Sync up co_code changes with 3.11 commit 852b4d4.
    
    * gh-94217: Skip import tests when _testcapi is a builtin (GH-94218)
    
    * gh-85308: Add argparse tests for reading non-ASCII arguments from file (GH-94160)
    
    * bpo-46642: Explicitly disallow subclassing of instaces of TypeVar, ParamSpec, etc (GH-31148)
    
    The existing test covering this case passed only incidentally. We
    explicitly disallow doing this and add a proper error message.
    
    Co-authored-by: Serhiy Storchaka <storchaka@gmail.com>
    
    * bpo-26253: Add compressionlevel to tarfile stream (GH-2962)
    
    `tarfile` already accepts a compressionlevel argument for creating
    files. This patch adds the same for stream-based tarfile usage.
    The default is 9, the value that was previously hard-coded.
    
    * gh-70441: Fix test_tarfile on systems w/o bz2 (gh-2962) (#94258)
    
    * gh-94199: Remove ssl.match_hostname() function (#94224)
    
    * gh-94207: Fix struct module leak (GH-94239)
    
    Make _struct.Struct a GC type
    
    This fixes a memory leak in the _struct module, where as soon
    as a Struct object is stored in the cache, there's a cycle from
    the _struct module to the cache to Struct objects to the Struct
    type back to the module. If _struct.Struct is not gc-tracked, that
    cycle is never collected.
    
    This PR makes _struct.Struct GC-tracked, and adds a regression test.
    
    * gh-94245: Test pickling and copying of typing.Tuple[()] (GH-94259)
    
    * gh-77560: Report possible errors in restoring builtins at finalization (GH-94255)
    
    Seems in the past the copy of builtins was not made in some scenarios,
    and the error was silenced. Write it now to stderr, so we have a chance
    to see it.
    
    * gh-90016: Reword sqlite3 adapter/converter docs (#93095)
    
    Also add adapters and converter recipes.
    
    Co-authored-by: CAM Gerlach <CAM.Gerlach@Gerlach.CAM>
    Co-authored-by: Alex Waygood <Alex.Waygood@Gmail.com
    
    * bpo-39971: Change examples to be runnable (GH-32172)
    
    * gh-70474: [doc] fix wording of GET_ANEXT doc (GH-94048)
    
    * gh-93259: Validate arg to ``Distribution.from_name``. (GH-94270)
    
    Syncs with importlib_metadata 4.12.0.
    
    Co-authored-by: Irit Katriel <1055913+iritkatriel@users.noreply.github.com>
    Co-authored-by: Ulises Ojeda <ulises.odysseus22@gmail.com>
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    vstinner added a commit to vstinner/cpython that referenced this issue Aug 22, 2023
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